使用示例：

1、显然，如果你通情达理、对人友善，你会得到比你付出的多得多的回报。

It stands to reason that if you are considerate and friendly to people，you will get a lot more back.

2、我在那里遇到的人很友善。

The people I met there were very friendly.

观察善的金文形态，我们可以看到善字的上半部分是“羊”，下半部分由两个“言”组成。（说起言，还记得上一期我们讲的诚信 Integrity吗？）

Accroding to the Inscriptions on bronze, we can see that the upper part of the character“善”is “sheep”[羊], the lower part is composed of two “words”[言](speaking of words, remember the 诚信 Integrity we’ve talked about last time?）

羊在中国古代是非常重要的家畜，被视为吉祥的象征。“善”字就像是有一群人围着一只羊，他们纷纷层赞它驯良美好的品性。因此，“善”的本义是“吉祥”、“良好”、“驯善”，由此引申出了“友好”、“擅长”等意思。

Sheep was a very important domestic animal in ancient China, which was regarded as a symbol of good luck. “善” looks like a group of people rounding a sheep, and they praise it for its docility and beauty.

Therefore, the original meaning of “善”is“lucky”,“kind” and “docility”，which was extended as “be good at”, “ friendly” and so on.

如何正确理解中国文化中的“友善”？

How to correctly understand the “friendliness” in Chinese culture?

友善作为中华民族的传统美德，在历史发展中积淀了浓厚的文化根基。在中国传统友善观中，友善的含义包括：对自然友善（和谐共处）、自我友善（珍爱生命）、对父母和亲人友善（孝顺父母、敬爱兄长），再扩展为与人交往友善（力求和谐）。

As a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, “friendliness” has deeply rooted in our history. The traditional Chinese concept of friendliness includes :being friendly to nature (harmonious coexistence); being friendly to oneself (cherishing life), being friendly to parents and relatives (being filial to parents and be friendly to brothers and sisters), and it also means “be friendly to others (striving for harmony)”.

习近平总书记指出：“使中华民族最基本的文化基因与当代文化相适应、与现代社会相协调。”进入现代社会，友善的概念与涵盖范围有了更进一步的拓展。

传统社会是建立在宗族血缘基础上的熟人社会，友善对象往往以亲人、朋友、邻居等熟人为主。现代社会则是陌生人社会，人们的交往范围不断扩大，当今社会，友善的对象不仅包括亲人、朋友，还包括陌生人。

The traditional society is an acquaintance society built on the basis of the kinship of the clan. The friendly objects are usually mainly relatives, friends, neighbors and other acquaintances. Modern society is a stranger society, people’s contact scope is expanding. In today’s society, the target of friendliness include not only relatives, friends, but also strangers.

除此之外，友善价值观还实现了由品德友善向责任友善的转化。在传统社会中，友善的一个重要特点是，践行友善往往出自内心对自我道德修养的追求，而在中国，友善价值观已经由内在的品德转化为外在的社会责任,


与爱国、敬业、诚信一起作为社会主义核心价值观中公民层面的价值准则，具备了比传统友善观更强的社会号召力。

In addition, “the value of friendliness ” also achieves the transformation from moral friendliness to responsibility friendliness. In traditional society , an important characteristic of friendliness is that the practice of friendliness often comes from the inner pursuit of self-moral cultivation. In China, the value of friendliness has been transformed from an inner moral character into an external social responsibility. As one of the core values of socialism, together with patriotism, dedication and integrity, constitutes the value code at the civic level in the core values of socialism, which has a stronger social appeal than the traditional concept of friendship.

由此，在与人为善的对象与范围上，作为社会主义核心价值观的友善实现了对传统友善观的超越。

Thus, in the object and scope of kindness, friendliness, as the core value of socialism, transcends the traditional concept of friendship.

“善”的意义与温顺的“羊”有关系，这体现了中国古代先民造字、构字的智慧。你能根据汉字所记录的词义及其汉字部件“羊”，分析出中国古代人的造字意图吗？

The meaning of “善”is related to the mild sheep, which reflects the wisdom of ancient Chinese people in making characters. Can you analyze the intention of ancient Chinese people in making words according to the recorded meanings of Chinese characters ?